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Teleostei (teleosts) > Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) > Ephippidae (Spadefishes, batfishes and scats)
Etymology: Ephippus: Greek, ephippion, horse cloth, saddle.
More on author: Cuvier.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; brackish; demersal; depth range 10 - 75 m (Ref. 26999), usually 10 - 75 m (Ref. 26999). Tropical

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Senegal to Angola (Ref. 3166), including Cape Verde. Reported from Mauritania (Ref. 55783).

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2683); common length : 25.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2683)

Neritic species (Ref. 27000). Inhabits sandy and muddy bottoms of estuaries (Ref. 2683). Feeds mainly on benthic and planktonic invertebrates (Ref. 3612).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Desoutter, M., 1990. Ephippidae. p. 834-836. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7350)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 16 May 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
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Predators

Ecology
Ecology

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
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Abundances

Life cycle
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Fecundities
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Egg(s)
Egg developments
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Larval dynamics

Distribution
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Anatomy
Gill areas
Brains
Otoliths

Physiology
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Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Fish sounds
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
Genetics
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Human related
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Stamps, coins, misc.

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Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 18.5 - 28, mean 25.9 °C (based on 134 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02692 (0.01137 - 0.06373), b=2.94 (2.74 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.41 se; based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Ephippus goreensis Cuvier, 1831