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Ovalentaria/misc (Various families in series Ovalentaria) >
Embiotocidae (Surfperches)
Etymology: Amphistichus: Greek, amphi = on both sides + Greek, stix, -ichos = row (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Agassiz.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক তলদেশ বিহারী; গভীরতার পরিসীমা 0 - 73 m (Ref. 96339). Subtropical; 38°N - 32°N, 123°W - 117°W
Eastern Pacific: Bodega Bay in northern California, USA to northern central Baja California, Mexico.
আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 43.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 2850); common length : 30.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 2850); সবের্াচ্চ প্রকাশিত ওজন : 2.0 kg (Ref. 2850); সর্বোচ্চ উলি্ল্লখিত বয়স : 9 বৎসর (Ref. 56049)
Mostly found in surf of sand beaches, but reported from trawl catches at depths up to 73 m. Also occur near rocks, pilings and other sources of cover and food. Usually form small groups. Also caught from piers and skiffs. Feed preferably on sand crabs but also eats clams and other invertebrates. Viviparous, female carries the developing young (Ref. 205). Minimum depth range based on ecology (Ref. 96339).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | প্রজনন | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | শুককীট
Viviparous, female carries the developing young (Ref. 205).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
মৎস্য: গৌণ বাণিজ্যিক ; শিকারযোগ্য মাছ: হঁ্যা
হাতিয়ার
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.7 - 15.6, mean 12.9 °C (based on 12 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00559 - 0.03107), b=3.05 (2.84 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 7.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): মাধ্যম , সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১.৪-৪.৪ বৎসর (K=0.15-0.18; tm=2; tmax=9; Fec=113).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).
