Morphology Data of Paralithoxus raso
Identification keys
Abnormalities
Main Ref. Silva, G.S.C., R. Covain, C. Oliveira and F.F. Roxo, 2017
Appearance refers to
Bones in OsteoBase

Sex attributes

Specialized organs
Different appearance
Different colors
Remarks Males have a papilla posterior to urogenital opening (vs. absent in females).

Descriptive characteristics of juvenile and adult

Striking features
Body shape lateral elongated
Cross section
Dorsal head profile
Type of eyes
Type of mouth/snout
Position of mouth
Type of scales bony plates or armour
Diagnosis

Lithoxus raso is distinguished from all its congeners, with the exception of L. pallidimaculatus, by having large light spots all over the body, spots similar in size with orbit diameter, (vs. light spots over the body absent or light spots very small, similar to size of a tooth, covering only the dorsal portion of the head in L. boujardi); from L. surinamensis and L. pallidimaculatus by possessing an adipose fin (vs. adipose fin absent); from L. lithoides and L. jantjae by having five branched rays in the anal fin (vs. four); and from L. jantjae by having 14 branched rays in the caudal fin (vs. 12). In addition, Lithoxus raso is distinct from L. bovallii by having a lower premaxillary tooth cup length, 3.3-4.0% HL (vs. 4.2-10.4% HL); from L. boujardi by having a greater adipose-spine length, 7.2-8.1% SL (vs. 3.6-4.7% SL), and a greater dorsal adipose-caudal distance, 13.1-14.6% SL (vs. 10.3-11.7% SL); from L. planquettei by smaller caudal peduncle depth, 8.4- 8.6% SL (vs. 9.7-10.5% SL); and from L. stocki by having an enlarged and widened cusp of medial premaxillary teeth (vs. cusps of all premaxillary teeth similar in size, not enlarged), and by having a shorter cleithral width, 30.9-31.2% SL (vs. 32.6-34.2% SL) (Ref. 118148).

Ease of Identification

Meristic characteristics of Paralithoxus raso

Lateral Lines Interrupted: No
Scales on lateral line
Pored lateral line scales
Scales in lateral series
Scale rows above lateral line
Scale rows below lateral line
Scales around caudal peduncle
Barbels
Gill clefts (sharks/rays only)
Gill rakers
on lower limb
on upper limb
total
Vertebrae
preanal
total

Fins

Dorsal fin(s)

Attributes first rays forming locking device
Fins number 1
Finlets No. Dorsal   
Ventral  
Spines total 2 - 2
Soft-rays total 7 - 7
Adipose fin present

Caudal fin

Attributes forked

Anal fin(s)

Fins number
Spines total 1 - 1
Soft-rays total 5 - 5

Paired fins

Pectoral Attributes  
Spines     1
Soft-rays   6 - 6
Pelvics Attributes  
Position    abdominal  behind origin of D1
Spines     1
Soft-rays   5 - 5
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cfm script by eagbayani, 17.10.00, php script by rolavides, 13/03/08 ,  last modified by sortiz, 06.27.17