| Main Ref. | Uyeno, T., K. Matsuura and E. Fujii (eds.), 1983 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | short and / or deep |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
Exceptionally angular, craggy body contours and large, prominent bucklers. Very small width of mouth relative to head depth 2-2.8; Narrow interorbital width to head depth 3.6-6.6. Rostrum length to disk margin length 3.2-5.1. Distal ends of pectorals with fleshy ventral pads. Vertebrae usually 19. Lateral line scale count: subopercular usually 5 or 6 (4-8); cheek usually 8 (7-9). Lateral line scale count usually 17 (Ref. 40824). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | 15 - 19 |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total | 18 - 20 |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | 0 - 0 |
| Soft-rays total | 4 - 4 |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | 0 - 0 |
| Soft-rays total | 4 - 4 |
| Pectoral | Attributes |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 10 - 11 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position | |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 5 - 5 |