| Main Ref. | Lévêque, C., 2003 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | no special organs |
| Different appearance | males alike females |
| Different colors | males alike females |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | striking type of mouth |
| Body shape lateral | fusiform / normal |
| Cross section | compressed |
| Dorsal head profile | more or less straight |
| Type of eyes | more or less normal |
| Type of mouth/snout | more or less normal |
| Position of mouth | sub-terminal/inferior |
| Type of scales | cycloid scales |
| Diagnosis |
Diagnosis: last simple ray more or less ossified at base (no strong spine), but always shorter than head; ossified part 50-70% head length; lower lip well developed, forming a generally well visible mental lobe, sometimes rubber-lipped; 9-10 dorsal fin branched rays; scale formula 4.5/24-27/4.5; 2.5 scales between lateral line and pelvic-fin base; 12 scales around caudal peduncle; 4-5/14-17 gill rakers on first gill arch (Ref. 2940, 81282). Description: large species; fairly deep body; subterminal mouth; well developed lips forming rounded, sometimes hypertrophic, mental disk; 2 pairs of moderately developed barbels; distal margin dorsal fin concave; longest dorsal-fin ray is first branched ray; D:IV,9-10; A:III,5-6; P:I,15-17; V:I,8 (Ref. 2940, 81282). Coloration: body light brown in preserved specimens (Ref. 2940, 81282). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | 1 Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | 24 - 27 |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | 4 - 5 |
| Scale rows below lateral line | 4 - 5 |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | 12 - 12 |
| Barbels | 4 |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | 4 - 5 |
| on upper limb | 14 - 17 |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | no striking attributes |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | 13 - 14 |
| Adipose fin | absent |
| Attributes | forked; more or less normal |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | 8 - 9 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays 16 - 18 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
| Position abdominal beneath origin of D1 | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays 9 - 9 |