| Main Ref. | Armbruster, J.W., 2003 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | elongated |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
Distinguished from all other members of Hypostomus cochliodon group except H. sculpodon by having a medium-sized buccal papilla, intermediately developed teeth and a large patch of odontodes on the opercle. Differs from H. sculpodon by its dark brown color with closely spaced spots, by having a greater dorsal-anal length to anal-fin length ratio (average=111.1%, 92.5-132.6% vs. average=79.2%, 69.6-89.7%) and almost completely by having a larger interorbital width/HL ratio (average=49.9, 44.1-55.6% vs. average=51.4%, 38.5-45.4%) (Ref. 50589). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes | forked |
| Fins number | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total |
| Pectoral | Attributes |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays |