| Main Ref. | Ramos, R.T.C., C.R. Rocha and L.A. Rocha, 2003 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
3 obvious pelvic fin rays and lacking a flag like flap on the dorsal fin. First dorsal fin spine of males elongate, almost always twice as long as second spine. Palatine teeth 12-15, usually 14. Subdivided supraorbital cirrus in males (Ref. 47837). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 1notched No |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal 0 - 0 |
| Ventral 0 - 0 | |
| Spines total | 18 - 20 |
| Soft-rays total | 32 - 35 |
| Adipose fin | absent |
| Attributes | pointed; more or less normal |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | 2 - 2 |
| Soft-rays total | 20 - 22 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 12 - 14 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes other (see remarks) |
| Position thoracic behind origin of D1 | |
| Spines 1 | |
| Soft-rays 3 - 3 |