Main Ref. | Springer, V.G., 1988 |
Appearance refers to | |
Bones in OsteoBase |
Specialized organs | |
Different appearance | |
Different colors | |
Remarks |
Striking features | |
Body shape lateral | elongated |
Cross section | oval |
Dorsal head profile | |
Type of eyes | |
Type of mouth/snout | |
Position of mouth | |
Type of scales | |
Diagnosis |
Dorsal fin typically XIII, 16-19 (rarely 16 or 19), spinous and segmented-ray portions with moderate notch in-between. Anal fin II,18-21 (rarely 18 or 21). Pectoral fin 13-15 (rarely 13, typically 14). Segmented caudal-fin rays 13. Vertebrae 10 or 11 (rarely 10) + 24-26 (rarely 24) = 35-37 (rarely 35). Dentary incisor teeth which includes anterior canine teeth very similar in appearance with incisors, 44-54; posterior dentary canines 0 or 1 (typically 1) on each side. Lateral line lacking pairs of pores, terminating posteriorly at a point between verticals from dorsal-fin spines 8 and 11 (rarely as far anteriorly as 8). With cirrus on posterior rim of anterior nostril; absent on anterior rim. Two color patterns: pale (northern) and dark (southern). |
Ease of Identification |
Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
Scales on lateral line | |
Pored lateral line scales | |
Scales in lateral series | |
Scale rows above lateral line | |
Scale rows below lateral line | |
Scales around caudal peduncle | |
Barbels | |
Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
Gill rakers | |
on lower limb | |
on upper limb | |
total | |
Vertebrae | |
preanal | |
total | 35 - 37 |
Attributes | extending over most of the back length |
Fins number | 1notched No |
Finlets No. | Dorsal |
Ventral | |
Spines total | 12 - 14 |
Soft-rays total | 16 - 19 |
Adipose fin | absent |
Attributes | more or less truncate; with dorsal and ventral filament |
Fins number | 1 |
Spines total | 2 - 2 |
Soft-rays total | 18 - 21 |
Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
Spines 0 | |
Soft-rays 13 - 15 | |
Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
Position jugular | |
Spines | |
Soft-rays |