| Main Ref. | Allen, G.R., 1991 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | none |
| Body shape lateral | short and / or deep |
| Cross section | compressed |
| Dorsal head profile | clearly convex |
| Type of eyes | more or less normal |
| Type of mouth/snout | more or less normal |
| Position of mouth | terminal |
| Type of scales | ctenoid scales |
| diagnosa |
Distinctive features include overall dark brown coloration with blackish pelvic and anal fins, very narrow white bars, and blackish caudal fin in juveniles which fades with growth. The white bar on the head is usually constricted across nape; the midbody bar does not extend on to the dorsal fin. |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | 1 Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | 36 - 42 |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | 4.5 |
| Scale rows below lateral line | 14 - 17 |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | 0 |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| Keseluruhan (total) | 16 - 19 |
| vertebrata, bertulang belakang | |
| preanal | |
| Keseluruhan (total) |
| Attributes | extending over most of the back length |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal 0 - 0 |
| Ventral 0 - 0 | |
| Spines total | 10 - 10 |
| Soft-rays total | 10 - 17 |
| Adipose fin | absent |
| Attributes | more or less truncate |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | 2 - 2 |
| Soft-rays total | 14 - 15 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 19 - 20 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
| Position abdominal behind origin of D1 | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays |