Please be patient while sound file is loaded. You may have to increase volume settings.
If you did not hear the sound. Click here to download sound file.
| Sound produced | yes, active sound production |
| Type of sound produced | escape sounds, rasps, grunts |
| Sound production organ | swim bladder |
| Sound mechanism | vibration of swim bladder by contraction of body musculature |
| Behavioural context | escape sound when disturbed, rasps when netted, grunts under duress (electric stimulation) |
| Reference | Fish, M.P. and W.H. Mowbray, 1970 |
| Commento | recorded with bandpass filter: 30 -1200 Hz, recording amplified by 9 dB |