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Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque, 1819
Freshwater drum
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Aplodinotus grunniens
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Picture by The Native Fish Conservancy
United States (contiguous states) country information
Common names:
Freshwater drum
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: common (usually seen) | Ref: Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: gamefish: yes;
Comments: Also Ref. 10294.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991
National Database:
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: common (usually seen) | Ref: Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: gamefish: yes;
Comments: Also Ref. 10294.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991
National Database:
Common names from other countries
分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) 鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers) 石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Aplodinotus: Greek, aploeides = simplicity + Greek,noton = back; single back in reference to the slighty joined dorsal fins (Ref. 45335); grunniens: grunniens meaning grunting (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Rafinesque.
Etymology: Aplodinotus: Greek, aploeides = simplicity + Greek,noton = back; single back in reference to the slighty joined dorsal fins (Ref. 45335); grunniens: grunniens meaning grunting (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Rafinesque.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学
; 淡水 居于水底的; 深度上下限 30 - ? m (Ref. 9988). 亞熱帶的; ? - 32°C (Ref. 12741); 58°N - 15°N, 110°W - 70°W (Ref. 86798)
分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri
North and Central America: St. Lawrence-Great Lakes, Hudson Bay and Mississippi River basins from Quebec to northern Manitoba and southern Saskatchewan in Canada and south to the Gulf; Gulf Coast drainages from Mobile Bay in Georgia and Alabama through east Mexico to Rio Usumacinta system in Guatemala.
中美洲與北美洲: 在聖勞倫斯河-五大湖區, 哈得遜灣與從魁北克到曼尼托巴的密西西比河流域與加拿大的薩斯卡萬的洛磯山脈以東而且南至在美國的墨西哥灣; 而且在瓜地馬拉透過墨西哥到東部 Rio Usumacinta 系統的岸灣流域從美國喬治亞州與阿拉巴馬州的摩比灣。
中美洲與北美洲: 在聖勞倫斯河-五大湖區, 哈得遜灣與從魁北克到曼尼托巴的密西西比河流域與加拿大的薩斯卡萬的洛磯山脈以東而且南至在美國的墨西哥灣; 而且在瓜地馬拉透過墨西哥到東部 Rio Usumacinta 系統的岸灣流域從美國喬治亞州與阿拉巴馬州的摩比灣。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 95.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 45.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9988); 最大体重: 24.7 kg (Ref. 4699); 最大年龄: 13 年 (Ref. 72462)
Max length : 95.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 45.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9988); 最大体重: 24.7 kg (Ref. 4699); 最大年龄: 13 年 (Ref. 72462)
Occur in bottoms of medium to large rivers and lakes (Ref. 557, 10294). Adults feed on aquatic insect immatures such as mayflies (Hexagenia), amphipods, fish (especially shad and young drum), crayfish and mollusks. Larval stages of drum consume larvae of other fishes, while young fishes utilize zooplankton (Ref. 10294). Known to produce sound. L-shaped otoliths are collected as 'lucky stones' (Ref. 557). Utilized fresh and can be pan-fried and broiled (Ref. 9988).
出现于中型到大型河川与湖的底部。 吃软件动物，底栖的甲壳动物与昆虫。 已知发出声音。 L-形状的耳石被收集如 '幸运的石头' 。 (参考文献 557) 生鲜使用而且可能是油锅炸而火烤的.(参考文献 9988)
出现于中型到大型河川与湖的底部。 吃软件动物，底栖的甲壳动物与昆虫。 已知发出声音。 L-形状的耳石被收集如 '幸运的石头' 。 (参考文献 557) 生鲜使用而且可能是油锅炸而火烤的.(参考文献 9988)
Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
中美洲與北美洲: 在聖勞倫斯河-五大湖區, 哈得遜灣與從魁北克到曼尼托巴的密西西比河流域與加拿大的薩斯卡萬的洛磯山脈以東而且南至在美國的墨西哥灣; 而且在瓜地馬拉透過墨西哥到東部 Rio Usumacinta 系統的岸灣流域從美國喬治亞州與阿拉巴馬州的摩比灣。
主要参考文献
Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 2011. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798)
对人类的威胁
无害处的
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的
FAO(Aquaculture systems: 产生; 渔业: 产生; publication : search) | FishSource |
更多信息
Population dynamics
成长参数
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
体长-频率
Mass conversion
入添量
丰度
成长参数
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
体长-频率
Mass conversion
入添量
丰度
Anatomy
鳃区
Brain
Otolith
鳃区
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
耗氧量
游泳类型
游泳速度
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
耗氧量
游泳类型
游泳速度
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
工具
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特别资料
下载 XML
网络资源
Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(基因组, 核苷酸) | GloBI | GOBASE | GoMexSI (interaction data) | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia(转至, 搜寻) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | 动物学的记录
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00576 - 0.01445), b=3.18 (3.05 - 3.31), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.43 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref. 120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).