Usually found near surface to depths of 140 m (Ref. 26938); in Tahiti from 0-350 m (Ref. 89972). Occurs on or adjacent to continental and insular shelves, frequenting river estuaries, off wharves and jetties in harbors, and in coral atolls and lagoons (Ref. 244). Bottom-associated, sometimes pelagic (Ref. 58302). Also off oceanic islands far from other islands and continental land masses (Ref. 244). Makes excursions in the open ocean, but is not a truly oceanic species (Ref. 244). Nocturnal feeder on other sharks, rays, bony fishes, marine mammals, tortoises, seabirds, sea snakes, squids, gastropods, crustaceans, detritus (Ref. 9997), also including toxic or armored fish species such as Lactoria cornuta or Diodon hystrix, porpoises, whales, sea turtles, cephalopods, domestic animals and humans (Ref. 37816). It also feeds on carrion and garbage, including cans, pieces of metal and burlap bags (Ref. 26938). Second only to Carcharodon carcharias in recorded attacks on humans with at least 27 documented attacks sourced to it . One specimen, reportedly taken off Indo-China, weighed 3,110 kg and measured 740 cm (Ref. 9987). May be kept in an aquaria, but does not last for more than a few months (Ref. 244). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Up to 80 young of 51 to 104 cm are born per litter (Ref. 1602). Valued for its meat, fins, hide and liver oil (Ref. 9997) and also for its jaws and cartilage (Ref. 58048). Often used for fishmeal (Ref. 9997). Utilized fresh, dried-salted, smoked and frozen (Ref. 9987). Species from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea has a max size of 750 cm TL (Ref. 47613).
通常发现于表面到深度 140 公尺附近。 (参考文献 26938) 生活于或者邻近大陆架与岛屿棚,在港湾中常出现于河口，外海的码头与突堤, 与在珊瑚环礁与泻湖中.(参考文献 244) 大洋性岛屿外也远离其他的岛与大陆板块。 (参考文献 244) 在开放性海域中短距离巡游, 但是不是一个真正的大洋性鱼种.(参考文献 244) 夜行的捕食其他的鲨鱼， ，硬骨鱼类，海洋哺乳动物，龟，海鸟，海蛇，乌贼，腹足动物，甲壳动物，碎屑 (参考文献 9997), 也包括有毒或武装的鱼种例如 角箱 ［Lactoria cornuta］ 或 密斑二齿 ［Diodon hystrix］ ，鼠海豚，鲸，海龟，头足类动物，家畜与人类.(参考文献 37816) 它也吃腐肉与垃圾,包括能, 金属片与麻布袋.(参考文献 26938) 仅次于在对人类的攻击记录中的 食人鲛［Carcharodon carcharias］ 以至少， 27个攻击记录文件对它来源。 一件标本，据报告采自印度支那外，秤重了 3,110 公斤而且有 740 公分长。 (参考文献 9987) 可能是保存于一个水族馆, 但是不会持续超过个月.(参考文献 244) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 50449) 高达 80个幼鱼 51 对 104 cm 出生每胎.(参考文献 1602) 重要的是它的肉 , 鳍, 隐藏与肝油.(参考文献 9997) 时常制成鱼浆.(参考文献 9997) 生鲜使用 , 乾燥盐腌, 烟熏了与冷冻的.(参考文献 9987) 种从波斯湾与阿曼海洋有一个最大体长 750 公分TL 。 (参考文献 47613)
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 15.8 - 28.9, mean 26.4 (based on 6872 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00283 - 0.01852), b=3.09 (2.87 - 3.31), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (tm=4-11; tmax=50; K=0.18-0.6; Fec=10).
Prior r = 0.27, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.41, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (57 of 100).
