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Lithognathus mormyrus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Sand steenbras
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Lithognathus mormyrus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Lithognathus mormyrus (Sand steenbras)
Lithognathus mormyrus
Picture by Patzner, R.


Slovenia country information

Common names: Ovčica, Ovèica
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/si.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1986
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Lithognathus: Greek, lithos = stone + Greek, gnathos = jaw (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; estuarina demersal; intervalo de profundidade 0 - 150 m (Ref. 3688), usually 10 - 20 m (Ref. 37413).   Subtropical; 48°N - 35°S, 25°W - 36°E

Distribuição Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay, Strait of Gibraltar and Mediterranean; southward to Cape of Good Hope, South Africa; around the Canary and Cape Verde Islands (Ref. 3688); and Madeira Is (Ref. 74541). Western Indian Ocean: southern Mozambique (Ref. 3688). Not found in tropical east Africa (Ref. 3198), Red Sea (Ref. 84159) and Black Sea (Ref. 4781, 112870).

Length at first maturity / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: Lm 17.4, range 20 - ? cm
Max length : 55.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3397); common length : 30.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3688); Idade máx. registada: 12 anos (Ref. 13716)

Descrição breve Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 11; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 12 - 13; Espinhos anais: 3; Raios anais moles: 10 - 11.

Biologia     Glossário (ex. epibenthic)

Found on the shelf, over sandy and muddy bottoms as well as seagrass-beds and estuaries. Gregarious, sometimes forming sizeable schools. Feeds on worms, mollusks and small crustaceans. Protandric hermaphrodite (Ref. 3688). Flesh excellent (Ref. 3198); sold fresh and dried.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

A monandric species (Ref. 55367). In the northern Adriatic, overall male to female ratio was 1:1.62. Sex inversion occurred mainly between 24.1 and 35.2 cm TL and 3.5 years of age (Ref. 55367). Conflicting descriptions of the reproductive style of this species have been reported, including possible gonochorism (Ref. 103751). Also Ref. 28504.

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Preocupação menor (LC) ; Date assessed: 16 August 2009

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para o homem

  Harmless




Utilização humana

Pescarias: pouco comercial; peixe desportivo: sim
FAO(pescarias: produção; publication : search) | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Mais informação

Trophic ecology
Itens alimentares
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predadores
Ecology
Ecologia
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Life cycle
Reprodução
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Spawnings
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Egg(s)
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Distribution
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Physiology
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Tipo de natação
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Visual pigment(s)
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Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
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Human related
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 17.1 - 27.5, mean 24.4 (based on 224 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5625   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.01073 - 0.01347), b=3.02 (2.99 - 3.05), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278):  3.5   ±0.39 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179):  Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.24; tm=2).
Prior r = 0.54, 95% CL = 0.36 - 0.81, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766):   Medium.