Sierra Leone country information

Common names: Bonefish, Tenny
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sl.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Kamara, A.B., 1977
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Banane de mer, Macabí, Альбула, ... more

Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Albuliformes (Bonefishes) > Albulidae (Bonefishes) > Albulinae
Etymology: Albula: Latin, albus = white (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser; brackwasser riff-verbunden; amphidrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 0 - 84 m (Ref. 13608), usually 1 - 15 m (Ref. 9268). Subtropical; 26°N - 7°N, 97°W - 58°W (Ref. 118624)

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Worldwide in warm seas. Hawaiian species have been verified by electrophoretic analysis (Ref. 5577), hence, Albula vulpes might be further split. Eastern Pacific: California, USA to Peru (Ref. 2850). Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to Florida, Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, Antilles and Caribbean to Brazil (Ref. 26938). Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951). The West African form is Albula goreensis, Valenciennes, 1846.

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m 37.5, range 21 - 36 cm
Max length : 104 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 7251); max. veröff. Gewicht: 10.0 kg (Ref. 37955)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 0; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 15 - 19; Afterflossenstacheln: 0; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 7 - 9; Wirbelzahl: 69 - 74. Branchiostegal rays 12-14 (Ref. 4639). Silvery with dusky fins; base of pectorals yellow (Ref. 3970). Body elongate and fusiform (Ref. 4832). Last ray of dorsal and anal fins not prolonged; head region naked; spot and band absent on head; margin of nasal pore not black (Ref. 13608). Bluntly conical snout extends beyond inferior mouth (Ref. 26938). Pectoral and pelvic axillary scales present; a single long scale on each side of membrane between each ray of dorsal and anal fins (Ref. 4832).

Inhabits shallow coastal waters, estuaries and bays, over sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 3237). Often in schools, except large individuals which are solitary (Ref. 7251). Dorsal fin may show above surface (Ref. 42064). More or less pelagic but feeds on benthic worms, crustaceans, and mollusks (Ref. 2850); that are picked from mud and sand bottoms (Ref. 27549). Tolerates oxygen poor water by inhaling air into a lung-like airbladder (Ref. 9710). Flesh is bony and not esteemed (Ref. 9268). One of the most important game fishes worldwide (Ref. 26938).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Spawning occurs in open waters. Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 205).

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Whitehead, P.J.P., 1990. Albulidae. p. 122-124. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris, Vol. 1. (Ref. 4447)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

Gefährdung zunehmend (NT) ; Date assessed: 29 March 2011

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)

Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: weniger kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja; Köder: usually

FAO(Fischereien: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 20.4 - 28.4, mean 27 (based on 1501 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5007 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00909 - 0.01825), b=3.00 (2.91 - 3.09), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.7 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (K=0.3; tm=2; tmax=20).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).

Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766): High.

Albula vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758)