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Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816)

Cachama
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Colossoma macropomum
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Peru country information

Common names: Gamitana
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref: FAO Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Service, 1993
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also Ref. 1739, 9987.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/pe.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Ortega, H. and R.P. Vari, 1986
National Database:

Common names from other countries

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Characiformes (Characins) > Serrasalmidae (Piranhas and pacus) > Colossomatinae
Etymology: Colossoma: Greek, kolos = short, truncated + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Cuvier.

Issue
See Machado-Allison 1982: 42, Géry 1986: 97 and Machado-Allison 1986: 2 for detailed description. See Goulding & Carvalho 1982 and Araujo Lima & Goulding 1997 for general biology and management. See Loubens & Panfili 1997 for growth biology.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

; 淡水 底中水層性; pH range: 5.0 - 7.8; dH range: ? - 20; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 5 - ? m.   熱帶; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 1672); 15°S - 35°S

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

South America: Amazon and Orinoco basins as wild form; pisciculture form largely distributed in South America.
南美洲: 如野生的形式亞馬遜河與奧里諾科河流域; 養殖的型式主要地分佈於南美洲了。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm ?, range 24 - ? cm
Max length : 108 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 70.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9987); 最大體重: 40.0 kg (Ref. 72380)

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

This species is usually solitary. Adults stay in flooded forests during first 5 months of flooding and consume but fruits and grains. Young and juveniles live in black waters of flood plains until their sexual maturity. Feeds on zooplankton, insects, snails and decaying plants (Ref. 32894). Used in aquaculture because it can live in mineral poor waters and is very resistant to diseases. Marketed fresh and frozen (Ref. 9987).

這種通常是獨居性。 成魚在洪水氾濫的最初 5個月的時候停留在被水淹沒的森林中而且只吃果實與穀粒。 幼魚與稚魚生活於沖積平原的黑色水域直到他們的性成熟。 吃浮游動物,昆蟲,蝸牛而且腐敗植物.(參考文獻 32894) 因為它能生活於礦物少量的水域而且是對疾病非常有抵抗性,所以被用於水產業了。 在市場上銷售生鮮和冷凍.(參考文獻 9987)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

南美洲: 如野生的形式亞馬遜河與奧里諾科河流域; 養殖的型式主要地分佈於南美洲了。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Géry, J., 1977. Characoids of the world. Neptune City ; Reigate : T.F.H. [etc.]; 672 p. : ill. (chiefly col.) ; 23 cm. (Ref. 598)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  未評估 

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  引起創傷的




人類使用

漁業: 低經濟; 養殖: 商業性; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
FAO(Aquaculture systems: 產生; 漁業: 產生; publication : search) | FishSource |

更多資訊

Ecology
生態學
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
長度-頻率
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
繁殖
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
仔魚
稚魚動力學
Distribution
國家
FAO區域
生態系
發現紀錄
簡介
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill areas
腦重體重比
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
游泳類型
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
魚的聲音
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
遺傳學
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
水產養殖描述
品種
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
合作者
Taxonomy
俗名
同種異名
型態特徵
形態測量圖
照片
References
參考文獻

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02239 (0.01185 - 0.04230), b=2.99 (2.82 - 3.16), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  2.0   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.23; Fec=7,000-300,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
價格種類 (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.