Netherlands country information

Common names: Heilbot
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: scarce (very unlikely) | Ref: Nijssen, H. and S.J. de Groot, 1974
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/nl.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Nijssen, H. and S.J. de Groot, 1974
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Flétan de l'Atlantique, Fletán del Atlántico, 大西洋庸鲽, ... more

klasifikasi / Names Nama-nama umum | Sinonim (persamaan) | Catalog of Fishes(Marga, Jenis) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Hippoglossinae
Etymology: Hippoglossus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek, glossa = tongue (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

laut dasar (demersal); oceanodromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 50 - 2000 m (Ref. 4705). Temperate; 79°N - 36°N, 77°W - 55°E

Penyebaran Negara-negara | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ecosystems | Kemunculan | Point map | Introduksi | Faunafri

Northwestern Atlantic: southwestern Greenland and Labrador in Canada to Virginia in USA (Ref. 7251); Northeastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay to Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Iceland and eastern Greenland.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur

Maturity: L_m 122.0, range 135 - ? cm
Max length : 470 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 7251); 300.0 cm TL (female); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 320.0 kg (Ref. 7251); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 50 Tahun (Ref. 173)

deskripsi pendek Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik

Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 98 - 110; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 73 - 85. Uniformly dark brown or black; young marbled or spotted with paler marks (Ref. 4705).

Adults are benthic but occasionally pelagic (Ref. 4705). Feed mainly on other fishes (cod, haddock, pogge, sand-eels, herring, capelin), but also takes cephalopods, large crustaceans and other bottom-living animals. Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Growth rate varies according to density, competition and availability of food. Slow growth rate and late onset of sexual maturity, halibut populations can be seriously affected by overfishing (Ref. 35388). Utilized fresh, dried or salted, smoked and frozen; can be steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Also Ref. 58426.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva

Males reach sexual maturity at 7-8 years and females at 10-11 years. Spawning happens from December to April, near the bottom (300 to 700 m), at temperatures between 5 and 7°. Egg size 3.0-3.8, larval size at hatching 6.5 mm (Ref. 4705).

rujukan utama Upload your references | Acuan | Koordinator : Amaoka, Kunio | mitra

Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)

Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)

hampir terancam (NT) ; Date assessed: 12 February 2021

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

ancaman kepada manusia

Harmless

penggunaan manusia

Perikanan: komersial; Budidaya air: percobaan; Ikan buruan: ya; Akuarium: Akuarium publik

FAO(Aquaculture systems: production; Perikanan: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

informasi lanjut

Trophic ecology
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Ecology
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Life cycle
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laporan khas

semak penyelenggaraan akuarium | semak helaian fakta spesis | semak helaian fakta aqulcalture

muat turun XML

ringkasan halaman | Point data | Nama-nama umum | fotos/gambar

Sumber internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 0.4 - 7.9, mean 3.4 (based on 1760 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00550 (0.00398 - 0.00759), b=3.17 (3.08 - 3.26), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.0 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.

Daya lenting (Ref. 120179): sangat rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum lebih dari 14 tahun (tmax=30; tm=10; K=0.02-0.2; Fec=1,300,000; also Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717)).

Prior r = 0.27, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.40, Based on 1 full stock assessment.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (88 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).

kategori harga (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Linnaeus, 1758)