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Sparisoma cretense (Linnaeus, 1758)

Parrotfish
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Sparisoma cretense   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Common names from other countries

Perroquet vieillard, Loro viejo, Parrot fish, ... more

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Scaridae (Parrotfishes) > Sparisomatinae
Etymology: Sparisoma: Latin, sparus = a fish with a golden head + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Linnaeus.

Issue
Sister species: Sparisoma strigatum (Ref. 101637).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 20 - 50 m (Ref. 27000).   Subtropical; 46°N - 12°N, 32°W - 36°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Portugal, Azores and Madeira south to the Canary Islands and Senegal. Mediterranean Sea: more common in the eastern and southern coasts.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 15.5  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 7360); common length : 30.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 6761)

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

In shallow water along rocky shores. Feed on algae and small invertebrates (Ref. 6761, 56146). Herbivore species with specialized pharyngeal bones and muscles (Ref. 52194, 52195). Breeding occurs from July to September, with juveniles recruiting in late summer in Portugal (Ref. 56146).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Males matured at the same ages and sizes as did females, and size ranges of males and females overlapped, strongly suggesting gonochorism for this species (Ref. 103751).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Westneat, Mark | Collaborators

Randall, J.E., 1990. Scaridae. p. 883-887. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7360)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 September 2009

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

Fisheries: commercial
FAO(Fisheries: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
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Predators
Ecology
Ecology
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Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
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Abundances
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
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Egg(s)
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Distribution
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Genetics
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References

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Internet sources

Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Public aquariums | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia(Go, Search) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 15.1 - 20.3, mean 17.1 (based on 34 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00833 - 0.01317), b=3.08 (3.03 - 3.13), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  2.9   ±0.27 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.16; tmax=8).
Prior r = 0.48, 95% CL = 0.32 - 0.72, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High vulnerability (58 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Very high.