Ireland country information

Common names: An bolmán, Horse mackerel, Scad
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: fairly common (chances are about 50%) | Ref: Minchin, D., 1987
Importance: highly commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Abundance is seasonal: common in October and occasional otherwise (Ref. 9610).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ei.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Bauchot, M.-L., 1987
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Chinchard d'Europe, Jurel, Ставрида обыкновенная, ... more

Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Carangiformes (Jacks) > Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; oceanodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte 0 - 1050 m (Ref. 54256), usually 100 - 200 m (Ref. 54256). Subtropical; 67°N - 38°S, 26°W - 42°E

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Eastern Atlantic: from Madeira, the Straits of Gibraltar and Canary and Cape Verde Islands to South Africa; northward extending into the Mediterranean Sea and along the Atlantic coasts of Europe to Norway.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m 22.9, range 21 - 30 cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3197); common length : 22.0 cm FL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3397); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 2.0 kg (Ref. 27584)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 9; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 30 - 36; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 24 - 32. Bluish green, grey or black above, silvery white below; opercle with black spot (Ref. 3197). Lateral scales tall and keeled. Gill cover with a distinct black spot. First dorsal fin tall (Ref. 35388).

Adults form large schools in coastal areas with sandy substrate. They feed on fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods. Are batch spawners (Ref. 51846). Females lay 140,000 eggs, which hatch into 5mm long larvae (Ref. 35388). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233). Utilized fresh, smoked, canned and frozen; can be fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Divided into two stocks: West stock and North Sea stock. West stock spawns in a belt from the Biscay to Ireland in early spring, migrates north and eastwards to southern Norway and northern North Sea. North Sea stock spawns in the southern North Sea in summer, migrates to central North Sea, Skagerrak and Kattegat.

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator : Smith-Vaniz, William F. | Medewerkers

Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1986. Carangidae. p. 815-844. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 2. (Ref. 4233)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Kwetsbaar, zie IUCN Rode Lijst (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 09 May 2013

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Harmless

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van groot commercieel belang; sportvis: ja; aas: usually

FAO(visserij: productie, soortsprofiel; publication : search) | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 10.6 - 16.6, mean 13.3 (based on 165 cells).

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00813 (0.00740 - 0.00893), b=2.95 (2.92 - 2.98), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 3.7 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.12-0.16; tm=2-4; tmax=11; Fec=70,000).

Prior r = 0.39, 95% CL = 0.26 - 0.58, Based on 13 full stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).

Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758)