Indonesia country information

Common names: Hiu lontar, Liongbun, Pangrum
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from off Indonesia (Macassar and "East Indies"). Also recorded from Lombok and Papua (Ref. 95494).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/id.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Compagno, L.J.V. and P.R. Last, 1999
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Whitespotted wedgefish, Whitespotted guitarfish, Tongarisakata zame, ... more

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) > Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) > Rhinidae (Wedgefishes)
Etymology: Rhynchobatus: Greek, rhingchos = snout + Greek, batis, -idos = a sting ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Whitley.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 0 - 60 m (Ref. 106604). Subtropical; 30°N - 30°S, 30°E - 155°E (Ref. 114953)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea, Persian Gulf (Ref. 114953). Gulf of Thailand and the Philippines to Queensland, Australia. A similar and perhaps identical species occurs in the western Indian Ocean off Mozambique and in the Gulf of Aden and is probably sympatric with the true 'Rhynchobatus djiddensis' of the western Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. Distributional range probably wider than reported, but many nominal records of Rhynchobatus djiddensis from the western Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean cannot be identified to species.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ?, range 155 - ? cm
Max length : 124 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 114953); 300.0 cm TL (female)

Inhabits inshore waters on the continental shelves (Ref. 9915). Demersal on soft bottoms and near coral reefs (Ref.58048). Female specimens may reach 300 cm in length in Thailand (Ref. 9915). Feeds on bottom crustaceans, mollusks (Ref. 9915) and bottom-dwelling fishes (Ref. 114953). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Caught commonly by demersal tangle net, and to a lesser extent by trawl and longline fisheries (Ref.58048). Marketed fresh; fins prized for the sharkfin trade (Ref. 9915).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Compagno, L.J.V. and P.R. Last, 1999. Rhinidae (=Rhynchobatidae). Wedgefishes. p. 1418-1422. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO identification guide for fishery purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9915)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Critically Endangered (CR) (A2bd); Date assessed: 03 December 2018

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Appendix II: Migratory species conserved through agreements

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial

FAO(Fisheries: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

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Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 23 - 28.4, mean 27.3 (based on 802 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5049 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00372 (0.00166 - 0.00830), b=3.11 (2.91 - 3.31), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Fec assumed to be <100).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Rhynchobatus australiae Whitley, 1939