Common names from other countries
分類 / Names
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Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Sardinella: Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia; diminutive (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 20 - 200 m (Ref. 28016). 熱帶; 25°N - 7°N, 57°E - 81°E (Ref. 54872)
Indian Ocean: northern and western parts only, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, but apparently not Red Sea or the Persian Gulf, eastward to southern part of India, on eastern coast to Andhra; possibly to the Andaman Islands. Thus, studies pertaining to this species from the Philippines or Indonesia probably refer to Sardinella lemuru.
印度洋: 北部與西部只有, 亞丁灣，阿曼灣, 但是顯然地不紅海或波斯灣, 向東至印度南部, 在東岸上對安得拉省; 可能地到安達曼群島。 因此，可能屬於這種從菲律賓或印尼的研究指的是 沙丁魚 lemuru 。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 16.3 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 23.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 188); common length : 20.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 188); 最大體重: 200.00 g (Ref. 4883); 最大年齡: 3 年 (Ref. 3689)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 13 - 21; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 12 - 23; 脊椎骨: 45 - 49. Body sub-cylindrical; a faint golden spot behind gill opening, followed by a faint golden mid-lateral line; a distinct black spot at hind border of gill cover (absence of pigment). Distinguished from all clupeids in the northern Indian Ocean by its pelvic fin ray count of i 8; from S. neglecta and S. lemuru by its longer head and more lower gill rakers. No prominent keel. See also Refs. 3683, 818 and 393 .
身體接近圓柱形的; 一個模糊的金斑點在後鰓裂,跟隨著一條模糊的金側面中央的線了; 在鰓蓋的後部邊緣的一個明顯的黑色斑點.(缺乏有顏色) 用它的 i 8 的腹鰭鰭條計數在印度洋北部中與所有的鯡魚區分了; 從 S. neglecta 與 S. lemuru 用它的較長的頭部與更多的下鰓耙。 沒有突出的龍骨脊。 也見參考文獻。 3683,818 與 393.
Coastal pelagic (Ref. 68964). Forms schools in coastal waters and strongly migratory. Feeds mainly on phytoplankton (especially diatoms) and small crustaceans (Ref. 30573). Breeds once a year off western coasts of India when temperatures and salinity are low during the southwest monsoon months. Spawning peaks in August-September. Occurs at temperatures of 22.0-28.0 °C (Ref. 3689). Marketed fresh, dried and dried-salted. Also sold smoked and canned (Ref. 9987). Also made into fish meal and fish balls.
在沿岸水域中形成魚群與強烈的迴游性。 主要吃浮游植物 (尤其矽藻) 與小型甲殼動物。 (參考文獻 30573) 當溫度與鹽度在西南的季風數個月期間是低的時候，每年一次繁殖印度的外海西海岸。 在八月到九月產卵峰巔。 生存在 22.0-28.0 °C 的溫度。 (參考文獻 3689) 在市場上銷售生鮮地, 乾製了與乾燥鹽醃。 也賣煙燻而且裝於罐頭。 (參考文獻 9987) 也製成魚粉與魚丸。
Spawning usually takes place at night (Ref. 810). 印度洋: 北部與西部只有, 亞丁灣，阿曼灣, 但是顯然地不紅海或波斯灣, 向東至印度南部, 在東岸上對安得拉省; 可能地到安達曼群島。 因此，可能屬於這種從菲律賓或印尼的研究指的是 沙丁魚 lemuru 。
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 December 2019
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 22.1 - 26.7, mean 24.7 (based on 63 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00661 - 0.00954), b=3.02 (2.99 - 3.05), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.4 ±0.22 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.5-1.4; tm=2; tmax=3; Fec=19,028).
Prior r = 0.46, 95% CL = 0.31 - 0.69, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).
