Iceland country information

Common names: Heilagfiski, Lúða
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also Ref. 4705.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ic.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://brunnur.stjr.is/interpro/sjavarutv/english.nsf/pages/front
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Jonsson, G., 1992
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Flétan de l'Atlantique, Fletán del Atlántico, 大西洋庸鲽, ... more

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Hippoglossinae
Etymology: Hippoglossus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek, glossa = tongue (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas demersal; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 50 - 2000 m (Ref. 4705). Temperate; 79°N - 36°N, 77°W - 55°E

Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Northwestern Atlantic: southwestern Greenland and Labrador in Canada to Virginia in USA (Ref. 7251); Northeastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay to Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Iceland and eastern Greenland.

Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: L_m 122.0, range 135 - ? cm
Max length : 470 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 7251); 300.0 cm TL (female); peso máx. publicado: 320.0 kg (Ref. 7251); idade máx. registrada: 50 anos (Ref. 173)

Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Raios dorsais (total) : 98 - 110; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais : 73 - 85. Uniformly dark brown or black; young marbled or spotted with paler marks (Ref. 4705).

Adults are benthic but occasionally pelagic (Ref. 4705). Feed mainly on other fishes (cod, haddock, pogge, sand-eels, herring, capelin), but also takes cephalopods, large crustaceans and other bottom-living animals. Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Growth rate varies according to density, competition and availability of food. Slow growth rate and late onset of sexual maturity, halibut populations can be seriously affected by overfishing (Ref. 35388). Utilized fresh, dried or salted, smoked and frozen; can be steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Also Ref. 58426.

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Males reach sexual maturity at 7-8 years and females at 10-11 years. Spawning happens from December to April, near the bottom (300 to 700 m), at temperatures between 5 and 7°. Egg size 3.0-3.8, larval size at hatching 6.5 mm (Ref. 4705).

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador : Amaoka, Kunio | Colaboradores

Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)

Quase ameaçada (NT) ; Date assessed: 12 February 2021

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

Harmless

Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: espécies comerciais; Aquacultura: experimental; peixe esportivo: sim; Aquário: Aquários públicos

FAO(Aquaculture systems: produção; pescarias: produção; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 0.4 - 7.9, mean 3.4 (based on 1760 cells).

Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00550 (0.00398 - 0.00759), b=3.17 (3.08 - 3.26), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 4.0 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.

Resiliência (Ref. 120179): Muito baixo(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população maior que 14 anos (tmax=30; tm=10; K=0.02-0.2; Fec=1,300,000; also Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717)).

Prior r = 0.27, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.40, Based on 1 full stock assessment.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (88 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Linnaeus, 1758)