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Cirrhinus molitorella (Valenciennes, 1844)

Mud carp
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Cirrhinus molitorella
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Hong Kong country information

Common names: Dace, Mud carp, 土鯪
Occurrence: introduced
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref: Chan, J.C.F., A.H.F. Tsang, S.-M. Yau, T.C.H. Hui, A. Lau, H.H. Tan, B.W. Low, D. Dudgeon and J.H. Liew, 2023
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Reported from rivers, streams, and reservoirs. Imported from Guangzhou and introduced to fish farms in New Territories. Fingerlings are sold as feeder fish. Sometimes released during Buddhist rituals (Ref. 129032). Sold in live fish markets. Commonly consumed in Hong Kong (Ref. 125589). Also Ref. 5258.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/hk.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Roberts, T.R., 1997
National Database:

Common names from other countries

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Cypriniformes (Carps) > Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) > Labeoninae
Etymology: Cirrhinus: Latin, cirrus = curl fringe (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

; 淡水 底中水层性; 河川洄游 (Ref. 33488); 深度上下限 5 - 20 m (Ref. 6898).   熱帶; 22°C - 26°C (Ref. 2059); 24°N - 12°N, 98°E - 108°E

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Asia: Mekong, Chao Phraya, Nam Theun, Xe Bangfai and the Nanpangjiang basins; also from the Red River (China and Viet Nam).
亞洲: 湄公河,湄南河,南能河, Xe Bangfai 與南盤江流域; 也從紅河 (中國與越南).

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 55.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 37769); common length : 15.2 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 35840); 最大体重: 1.5 kg (Ref. 128592)

简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 11 - 15; 脊椎骨: 34 - 38. Has 37-43 scales on the lateral line (including those on base of caudal-fin); 7-8+1/2 scale rows between lateral line and dorsal-fin origin (Ref. 27732). Differs from all other species of the genus in having more or less discrete marks on each scale on the upper, middle, and sometimes lower parts of the body. Such marks, visible in most freshly caught and recently preserved specimens, are sometimes intensely developed, giving the fish a markedly reticulated appearance. C. molitorella often has a very intense humeral mark which is vivid bluish-green in life. In other Cirrhinus the humeral marks are black or bluish black (Ref. 33488). Usually a conspicuous black bar shortly behind pectoral base (Ref. 43281). Gill rakers on the lower arm of first arch 65-85 (Ref. 12693).
在侧联机有 37-43个鳞片;(在尾鳍基底上包括那些) 在侧线与背鳍起点之间的 7-8+1/2 鳞片列.(参考文献 27732) 有别于所有的其他种的本属在上面者,中央上的每个鳞片上有约略不连续的标志, 与有时身体下半部。 如此的标志, 看得见的在最新捕捉与最近保存的标本,密集有时被发展,给鱼显着网状的外表。 C. molitorella 时常有一个非常密集肱骨的标志是生动的蓝绿色的活着时。 在其他的 Cirrhinus 中,肱骨的标志是黑色或蓝黑色的。 (参考文献 33488) 通常一条显着的黑色横带紧跟在胸鳍基底之后。 (参考文献 43281) 在第一鳃弓 65-85 的下面手臂上的鳃耙.(参考文献 12693)

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Known from midwater to bottom depths of large and medium-sized rivers. Move into flooded forests during the rainy season and grazes on algae, phytoplankton and detritus (Ref. 12693). Occur in rapids and slow deep reaches (Ref. 37769). Reported to be omnivorous (Ref. 33813). Wild stocks are strongly migratory while the cultivated stocks probably have lost the migratory behavior (Ref. 33488). Prefer flowing water and not known to proliferate in impoundments. Large fish are marketed fresh, smaller ones are used to make prahoc (Ref. 12693). Attain at least 40 cm SL (Ref. 33488).

已知来自大而中等大小河的中层到深底部水域了。 在雨季的时候移进被水淹没的森林中而且啃食藻类,浮游植物与碎屑。 (参考文献 12693) 出现在急流而且减慢深的范围。 (参考文献 37769) 报告是杂食性的。 (参考文献 33813) 野生的分枝是强烈的回游性,然而培养的分枝已经可能失去回游的行为。 (参考文献 33488) 偏爱而不是被知道在圈围水域增殖的流动的水。 大的鱼是生鲜销售又比较小的一些被用来制造 prahoc 。 (参考文献 12693) 达到至少 40 公分 SL 。 (参考文獻 33488)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

Assuming standard cyprinid mode of reproduction. Replace ASAP.亞洲: 湄公河,湄南河,南能河, Xe Bangfai 與南盤江流域; 也從紅河 (中國與越南).

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Roberts, T.R., 1997. Systematic revision of the tropical Asian labeon cyprinid fish genus Cirrhinus, with descriptions of new species and biological observations on C. lobatus. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 45:171-203. (Ref. 33488)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  临近濒危 (NT) ; Date assessed: 19 April 2010

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的




人类利用

渔业: 商业性; 养殖: 商业性
FAO(Aquaculture systems: 产生, 物种外形; 渔业: 产生; publication : search) | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5005   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00802 - 0.01137), b=3.05 (3.00 - 3.10), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  2.0   ±0.00 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=3; K=0.12; Fec=100,000-204,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.