Common names:
Amour blanc, Carpe amour
Occurrence:
introduced
Salinity:
freshwater
Abundance:
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Ref:
Importance:
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Ref:
Aquaculture:
commercial
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Ref: FAO, 1997
Regulations:
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Ref:
Uses:
no uses
Comments:
Theoretically present only in fish culture systems but may occur in certain canals. Does not reproduce naturally in the thermal and hydraulic conditions of the metropolitan rivers. Is produced in hatcheries for stocking in culture ponds and sometimes to control the vegetation in the canals (Ref. 30578). Its introduction is forbidden but encountered in Rhin, Loire, in the low part of Durance, in Sélune and some east rivers (Ref 40476). Also Ref. 2163.
National Checklist:
Country Information:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/fr.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences:
OccurrencesPoint map
Main Ref:
Keith, P. and J. Allardi (coords.), 2001
National Database:
> Cypriniformes (Carps) > Xenocyprididae (East Asian minnows)
Etymology: Ctenopharyngodon:Greek, kteis, ktenos = comb + Greek, pharyngx = pharynx + greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335); idella:Cteno=comb; pharynx=throat; odon=tooth (in reference to its comblike pharyngeal teeth); and idella: presumably derived from the Greek idios, distinctive or peculiar (Ref. 79012). More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
; آب شيرين; لب شور موجوداتی که در محدوده وسیعی از آبهای آزاد از نزدیک بستر و یا روی کف بستر، در قسمت های میان آبی تا سطح آب و در برخی گونه ها با قابلیت پرواز، زندگی و تغذیه می کنند.; رود رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 0 - 30 m (Ref. 6898). Subtropical; 0°C - 35°C (Ref. 52059); 50°N - 23°N, 100°E - 142°E (Ref. 48)
Asia: Eastern China and Russia (Ref. 48) in eastern Siberia, Amur River system (Ref. 1441). Widely transported around the world (Ref. 7248). Persists only in Europe by stocking (Ref. 59043). Introductions often brought with it the parasitic tapeworm Bothriocephalus opsarichthydis (synonym of B. acheilognathi) (Ref. 12217). Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm68.2, range 58 - 79.2 cm Max length : 150 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 30578); common length : 10.7 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 35840); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 45.0 kg (Ref. 52193); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 21 سال ها (Ref. 48)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 10 - 11; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 10 - 14. Diagnosis: No barbels; snout very short, its length less than or equal to eye diameter; postorbital length more than half head length (Ref. 4967). 18 soft rays for caudal fin (Ref. 40476). Diagnosed from rather similar species Mylopharyngodon piceus by having the following characters: body olive to brassy green above, silvery white to yellow below; body cylindrical; pharyngeal teeth laterally compressed, serrated, with a groove along grinding surface, usually in two rows, 2,5-4,2 (Ref. 59043).
Adults occur in lakes, ponds, pools and backwaters of large rivers (Ref. 5723), preferring large, slow-flowing or standing water bodies with vegetation (Ref. 52193). Tolerant of a wide range of temperatures from 0° to 38°C, and salinities to as much as 10 ppt and oxygen levels down to 0.5 ppm (Ref. 52193). It feeds on higher aquatic plants and submerged grasses; takes also detritus, insects and other invertebrates. One of the world's most important aquaculture species and also used for weed control in rivers, fish ponds and reservoirs (Ref. 9987). Spawn on riverbeds with very strong current (Ref. 30578). Utilized also fresh and eaten steamed, pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9987). Considered as a pest in most countries because of the damages made to submerged vegetation (Ref. 43281).
Shireman, J.V. and C.R. Smith, 1983. Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p. (Ref. 48)
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