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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
|
| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Leucoraja fullonica AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Leucoraja fullonica
Male picture by Cambraia Duarte, P.M.N. (c)ImagDOP
Pictures | Google 影像
Male picture by Cambraia Duarte, P.M.N. (c)ImagDOP
France country information
Common names:
Cardeira, Clavelade, Flossade
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also Ref. 4426.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/fr.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Béarez, P., P. Pruvost, É. Feunteun, S. Iglésias, P. Francour, R. Causse, J. De Mazières, S. Tercerie and N. Bailly, 2017
National Database:
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also Ref. 4426.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/fr.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Béarez, P., P. Pruvost, É. Feunteun, S. Iglésias, P. Francour, R. Causse, J. De Mazières, S. Tercerie and N. Bailly, 2017
National Database:
Common names from other countries
分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii 板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) 鰩目 (Skates and rays) > Rajidae (Skates) 鰩科 (Skates)
Etymology: Leucoraja: Greek, leykos = white + Latin, raja = a fish, Raja sp. (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Leucoraja: Greek, leykos = white + Latin, raja = a fish, Raja sp. (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學
海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 30 - 600 m (Ref. 106604). 深水域; 72°N - 27°N, 24°W - 34°E
分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri
Eastern Atlantic: Murmansk in Russia, Norway, southern Iceland, the Faroes, northern North Sea and Skagerrak to northern Morocco, including western Mediterranean and the Madeira Islands.
東大西洋: 俄國的莫曼斯克，挪威，冰島南部，法羅，北海北部與史卡基拉克海域到摩洛哥北部, 包括地中海西部與馬得拉群島。
東大西洋: 俄國的莫曼斯克，挪威，冰島南部，法羅，北海北部與史卡基拉克海域到摩洛哥北部, 包括地中海西部與馬得拉群島。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 75 - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 106604); 111.0 cm TL (female)
Max length : 120 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 106604); 111.0 cm TL (female)
簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 0; 臀棘: 0. Snout pronounced, rather pointed; disc rhomboid, with angled outer corners upper surface entirely spinulose, underside prickly on large areas; about 8 thorns usually in a complete row around inner margin of eye, small thorns on scapular, generally a row of about 50 thorns on each side of midline from shoulder to first dorsal fin; upper surface plain ashy-grey, underside white (Ref. 3167).
吻明顯的, 相當尖; 體盤長斜方形又外緣有菱角上表皮長滿刺, 下面有一大片的刺; 大約 8個刺眼的內緣的周圍通常排成完整的一列, 小的刺在肩胛上, 通常一列在從肩到第一背鰭的中線的兩邊上的大約 50個刺; 上表皮全部灰色的, 腹面白色的.(參考文獻 3167)
吻明顯的, 相當尖; 體盤長斜方形又外緣有菱角上表皮長滿刺, 下面有一大片的刺; 大約 8個刺眼的內緣的周圍通常排成完整的一列, 小的刺在肩胛上, 通常一列在從肩到第一背鰭的中線的兩邊上的大約 50個刺; 上表皮全部灰色的, 腹面白色的.(參考文獻 3167)
Found in relatively cold coastal waters and on upper parts of continental slopes (Ref. 3167). Most common at depths of around 200 m, but deeper in southern areas (Ref. 3167); possibly down to 800 m (Ref. 131089). Feed on all kinds of bottom animals, probably preferring fish (Ref. 3167). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 7.5-9.9 cm long and 4.5-4.7 cm wide (Ref. 41250). Maximum length for female is 111 cm (Ref. 41333).
發現於相當寒冷的沿岸水域了與在大陸斜坡的上部上.(參考文獻 3167) 最常見深度大約 200 公尺, 但是比較深的在區域南部中.(參考文獻 3167) 捕食各種的底部動物, 可能偏愛魚。 (參考文獻 3167) 卵生的。 明顯的成對出現。 幼魚可能傾向跟隨大的個體, 例如他們的母親.(參考文獻 205) 卵為長方形鞘囊具有僵硬的觸角沈積在沙灘或泥灘的角落.(參考文獻 205) 卵鞘是 7.5-9.9 公分長與 4.5-4.7 公分寬的.(參考文獻 41250) 最大的母魚體長是 111 公分。 (參考文獻 41333)
發現於相當寒冷的沿岸水域了與在大陸斜坡的上部上.(參考文獻 3167) 最常見深度大約 200 公尺, 但是比較深的在區域南部中.(參考文獻 3167) 捕食各種的底部動物, 可能偏愛魚。 (參考文獻 3167) 卵生的。 明顯的成對出現。 幼魚可能傾向跟隨大的個體, 例如他們的母親.(參考文獻 205) 卵為長方形鞘囊具有僵硬的觸角沈積在沙灘或泥灘的角落.(參考文獻 205) 卵鞘是 7.5-9.9 公分長與 4.5-4.7 公分寬的.(參考文獻 41250) 最大的母魚體長是 111 公分。 (參考文獻 41333)
Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).東大西洋: 俄國的莫曼斯克，挪威，冰島南部，法羅，北海北部與史卡基拉克海域到摩洛哥北部, 包括地中海西部與馬得拉群島。
主要參考資料
Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : McEachran, John | 合作者
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
次級保育類動物, 見 IUCN 紅皮書 (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 26 November 2014
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漁業: 低經濟
FAO(漁業: 產生; publication : search) | FishSource | 周邊海洋
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Population dynamics
成長參數
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
長度-頻率
Mass conversion
入添量
豐度
成長參數
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
長度-頻率
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入添量
豐度
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
耗氧量
游泳類型
游泳速度
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
耗氧量
游泳類型
游泳速度
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 6.8 - 14.5, mean 9.5 (based on 370 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00339 (0.00168 - 0.00685), b=3.25 (3.08 - 3.42), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref. 120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming tm>5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).