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Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Atlantic horse mackerel
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Trachurus trachurus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Trachurus trachurus (Atlantic horse mackerel)
Trachurus trachurus
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Common names from other countries

Classification / Names आम नाम | उपशब्द | Catalog of Fishes(वर्ग, प्रजाति) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Carangiformes (Jacks) > Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री; औशिनोड़िरोमस (Ref. 51243); गहराई सीमा 0 - 1050 m (Ref. 54256), usually 100 - 200 m (Ref. 54256).   Subtropical; 67°N - 38°S, 26°W - 42°E

वितरण देश | ऐफ ऐ ओ क्षेत्र | Ecosystems | संयोग | Point map | भूमिका | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: from Madeira, the Straits of Gibraltar and Canary and Cape Verde Islands to South Africa; northward extending into the Mediterranean Sea and along the Atlantic coasts of Europe to Norway.

Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: Lm 22.9, range 21 - 30 cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 3197); common length : 22.0 cm FL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 3397); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 2.0 kg (Ref. 27584)

Short description पहचान कुंजी | आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स

पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 9; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 30 - 36; गुदा कांटा: 3; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 24 - 32. Bluish green, grey or black above, silvery white below; opercle with black spot (Ref. 3197). Lateral scales tall and keeled. Gill cover with a distinct black spot. First dorsal fin tall (Ref. 35388).

जीवविज्ञान     शब्द संग्रह (उदाहरणार्थ epibenthic)

Adults form large schools in coastal areas with sandy substrate. They feed on fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods. Are batch spawners (Ref. 51846). Females lay 140,000 eggs, which hatch into 5mm long larvae (Ref. 35388). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233). Utilized fresh, smoked, canned and frozen; can be fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Divided into two stocks: West stock and North Sea stock. West stock spawns in a belt from the Biscay to Ireland in early spring, migrates north and eastwards to southern Norway and northern North Sea. North Sea stock spawns in the southern North Sea in summer, migrates to central North Sea, Skagerrak and Kattegat.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक : Smith-Vaniz, William F. | सहयोगीयो

Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1986. Carangidae. p. 815-844. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 2. (Ref. 4233)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)


CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: उच्च वाणिज्य; आखेट मत्स्य: हां; ठहराव / प्रलोभन: usually
FAO(मात्स्यिकी: production, species profile; publication : search) | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

अधिक जानकारी

Life cycle
पुनरुत्पत्ति
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
लार्वा
लारवल गतिकी
Anatomy
Gill areas
दिमाग
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
मत्स्य आवाज़े
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
आनुवंशिकी
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
जलीयकृषि रूपरेखाऐ
खींच
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
References
संदर्भ

साधन

Special reports

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इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 10.6 - 16.6, mean 13.3 (based on 165 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5001   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00813 (0.00740 - 0.00893), b=2.95 (2.92 - 2.98), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.7   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
लौटाव (Ref. 120179):  माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (K=0.12-0.16; tm=2-4; tmax=11; Fec=70,000).
Prior r = 0.39, 95% CL = 0.26 - 0.58, Based on 13 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.