China country information

Common names: Xiǎo huáng guā, Xiǎo huáng yú, Xiǎo xiān
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: highly commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Two migratory groups identified: the Yellow Sea and Bohai group which overwintered near waters of 36°N, 123°E in winter, then migrated for spawning to Bohai gulfs, Haiyang Islandm Yalv estuary and Haizhou Gulf, after which they feed in the middle of Bohai Sea (August - October) , then migrated again across the Chengshantou towards the wintering gound in the Yellow Sea again. The other one is the Yellow Sea and East China Sea (ECS) group, its wintering ground, influenced by warm currents, located at west of Juje, as well as mid and mid-southern of ECS (Ref. 82832). Also Ref. 117610.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Verrugato de Manchuria, Ki-guchi, 小黄鱼, ... more

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: More on author: Bleeker.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; benthopelagic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range ? - 120 m (Ref. 11230). Subtropical; 41°N - 22°N, 117°E - 141°E (Ref. 54561)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Northwest Pacific: Yellow and East China seas.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m 18.1 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 559); max. published weight: 189.80 g (Ref. 124479); max. reported age: 23 years

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 10 - 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 31 - 36; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 9 - 10; Vertebrae: 28 - 30. Body gold when fresh. Soft-rayed portions of dorsal and anal fins mostly covered with scales. Posterior part of pectoral fin not black. Anal soft rays usually 9 (Ref. 41299).

Found in the sublittoral zone above 120 m in sandy mud bottoms (Ref. 11230). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Trewavas, E., 1977. The sciaenid fishes (croakers or drums) of the Indo-west Pacific. Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. 33:253-541. (Ref. 5369)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 30 June 2016

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: highly commercial; aquarium: commercial

FAO(Fisheries: production, species profile; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

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Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 9.4 - 24.2, mean 16.7 (based on 107 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00891 (0.00811 - 0.00979), b=3.08 (3.05 - 3.11), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Tmax=3-23; K=0.2-0.7).

Prior r = 0.70, 95% CL = 0.46 - 1.05, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Larimichthys polyactis (Bleeker, 1877)