Common names from other countries
分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 30 m (Ref. 6531). 亞熱帶的; 66°N - 22°S, 98°W - 36°E
Arctic (Ref. 43202). North Atlantic. Eastern Atlantic: Iceland, Norway and Denmark (rarely), along British Isles into Baltic Sea and throughout the Mediterranean, Adriatic and Aegean seas to Morocco. Western Atlantic: Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada to North Carolina, USA and Bermuda (Ref. 7251). Highly migratory species.
北大西洋。 東大西洋: 冰島, 挪威與丹麥 (很少地), 沿著英國島進入波羅的海與在地中海各處, 亞得里亞海的與愛琴海到摩洛哥。 西大西洋: 聖勞倫斯灣在加拿大到美國北卡羅萊那州與百慕達群島.(參考文獻 7251) 高度遷移的種,1982年海事法會議的附件一.(參考文獻 26139)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 26.5, range 25 - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 32.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397)
Oceanic, schooling and gregarious. Occasionally shoals close to shore in large numbers (Ref. 9987). Feeds on zooplankton and fish larvae (Ref. 9987); food also includes fish eggs and small fishes (Ref. 5951). Preyed upon by fish, including tunas, marlin bluefish and cod (Ref. 9987); also pollock, dolphins and porpoises (Ref. 5951). It is an under-exploited fish in many parts of its range and suitable for canning and other inexpensive uses (Ref. 9987). Often leap of the water when chased by enemies (Ref. 35388).
大洋性的，群游性与群居的。 浅滩在大的数量中接近海岸偶然地。 (参考文献 9987) 吃浮游动物与仔鱼。 被鱼捕食了, 包括鲔鱼，马林鱼跳鱼与鳕鱼。 (参考文献 9987) 在它的分布范围的许多部份中它是一个比较不被捕获的鱼而且适合做罐头制造与其他的便宜使用。 (参考文献 9987) 当藉着敌人猎逐了，时常水跳跃。 (参考文献 35388)
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Presence of asynchronous oocyte development in the ovaries (Ref. 109439).北大西洋。 東大西洋: 冰島, 挪威與丹麥 (很少地), 沿著英國島進入波羅的海與在地中海各處, 亞得里亞海的與愛琴海到摩洛哥。 西大西洋: 聖勞倫斯灣在加拿大到美國北卡羅萊那州與百慕達群島.(參考文獻 7251) 高度遷移的種,1982年海事法會議的附件一.(參考文獻 26139)
Wisner, R.L., 1990. Scomberesocidae. p. 598-603. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6531)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 诱饵: occasionally
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 6.5 - 22, mean 14.4 (based on 7800 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6562 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00214 (0.00103 - 0.00444), b=3.10 (2.90 - 3.30), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Assusming tm=2-4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (24 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
