Brazil country information

Common names: Caroroca, Cavala, Cavala-pintada
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: common (usually seen) | Ref: Figueiredo, J.L. and N.A. Menezes, 2000
Importance: commercial | Ref: Frimodt, C., 1995
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Its year round availability makes it an important food fish in northeastern Brazil (Ref. 9987). Museum: Belém market, USNM 217550 (holotype of S. brasiliensis, 50.2 cm FL) (Ref. 1909). Also Ref. 36453.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Thazard serra, Serra, Atlantic sierra, ... more

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Scombriformes (Mackerels) > Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Scomberomorus: Latin, scomber = mackerel + Greek, moros = silly, stupid (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243). Tropical; 21°N - 36°S, 90°W - 29°W (Ref. 168)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: along the Caribbean and Atlantic coasts of Central and South America from Belize to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Literature records for Scomberomorus maculatus from the Caribbean and the Atlantic coasts of Central and South America apply to Scomberomorus brasiliensis, which has erroneously been considered a synonym of Scomberomorus maculatus by many authors.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m 37.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 125 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 168); common length : 65.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9987); max. published weight: 6.7 kg (Ref. 40637)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 17 - 19; Dorsal soft rays (total): 15 - 19; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 16 - 20; Vertebrae: 47 - 49. Snout much shorter than rest of the head. Interpelvic process short and bifid. Lateral line gradually curving down toward caudal peduncle. Body entirely covered with small scales, no anterior corselet developed. Pelvic fins relatively short. Intestine with 2 folds and 3 limbs. Swim bladder absent. Sides silvery with several rows of round yellowish bronze spots. First dorsal fin black.

Does not migrate extensively, although some seasonal movement appears to occur off Trinidad. Feeds largely on fishes, with smaller quantities of penaeid shrimps and loliginid cephalopods. Most of the catch is consumed fresh, but in Brazil some is salted and some has been canned. Also utilized smoked and frozen; used for ceviche (Ref. 9987).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Collette, Bruce B. | Collaborators

Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 September 2010

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes

FAO(Fisheries: production; publication : search) | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

Trophic ecology
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Ecology
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Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.9 - 28, mean 27.5 (based on 176 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00472 - 0.01275), b=2.96 (2.82 - 3.10), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.18; tm=3-4).

Prior r = 0.56, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.84, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): High.

Scomberomorus brasiliensis Collette, Russo & Zavala-Camin, 1978