Country List - Pygidianops amphioxus

Table 1: the species is currently present in 1 of them (endemic, native, introduced);
Table 2: possible in 0 of them (stray, questionable);
Table 3: absent from 0 of them (extirpated, not established, misidentification, error).
Table 4: all reports listed together.

Distribution: South America: Brazil. Pygidianops amphioxus has the broadest reported distribution of any glanapterygine species yet known, spanning over 900 km in straight line. Its westernmost record is the rio Daraá, tributary of the upper rio Negro, and its eastern limit is an affluent to the rio Nhamundá, a northern Amazonian tributary just west of the rio Trombetas. Within the Ducke Preserve, the species occurs in igarapé do Acará and igarapé Tinga (Soares-Carvalho, 2010), which belong to two distinct systems. The igarapé do Acará opens on the rio Tarumã, which is a tributary to the lower rio Negro; while the igarapé Tinga is part of the rio Puraquequara which opens directly into the rio Amazonas. In all cases, P. amphioxus is restricted to lowland terra firme rivers on the northern Amazonian versant. This suggests some association with the Guiana Shield, a link further highlighted by the close relationship of P. amphioxus to P. magoi, from the río Orinoco. However, at this time it is premature to speculate further on the significance of that association. It is likely that current distributional data are still incomplete and that the species will be found in many other localities as suitable microhabitats are more thoroughly sampled (Ref. 87858).

How to read the map

The literature species report in a country is represented by an icon (a circle) in the middle of the country polygon.
Important: a report in the literature does not necessarily mean that the species is currently present in the country! There are errors in literature, misidentifications, and some species have been locally or globally extirpated or eradicated.

The patterns and colours of the icon give 4 additional indications (see the legend under the map for the signification of the different colours and patterns):

Presence status: the colour of the ring (green: Present; orange: Possible; red: Absent)
Introduction status: a white 'i' in the middle of the circle indicates that the species has been introduced, if the presence ring is green it means that the species established itself or that we don't know the current presence status, if the presence ring is red it means that the species did not established itself.
Threat status: the pattern of the ring (not dashed: not threatened or no information; dashed: any status indicating that the species has a national threatened).
Important: This is the national threatened status, not the global IUCN one.
Salinity status = milieu: the colours in the middle circle (blue: Marine; green: Brackish; light blue: freshwater; dark green: Land).

How to interpret the map

The icon in a country polygon indicates that the species has been reported at least once in the country, BUT NOT NECESSARILY that it is present IN THE ENTIRE COUNTRY.
It is particularly the case for large country such as Brazil, USA, Canada, Russia, China, India, Indonesia, Australia, etc.
For example, a number of freshwater species present in western European countries are also present in the western part of Russia, but not beyond the Ural mountains. Still the icon for Russia is placed in its Asian part.
The icon is placed approximately in the middle of the country, even for the species that are marine only.
For marine species, it does not mean either that the species is present in all oceanic coasts of the countries (e.g., Altlantic and Pacific for USA and Canada).
So the map needs to be interpreted carefully, but we think it helps to give a quick view of the distribution by country, in a better way than the textual list of countries when it is over a dozen countries.