| Reference no. | Murdy, E.O. and J.A. Musick, 2013 |
| Ecosystem | Chesapeake Bay |
| Status | Native |
| Abundance | |
| Lifestage | adults |
| Regional database | |
| Remarks | Present in major tributaries to the bay. Adults frequent in brakish water, especially during winter months. Spawning occurs in shallow freshwaters during May and June (Ref. 27549). Juvenile menhaden and white perch are regular prey item (Ref. 93252). |