| Family: |
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers) |
| Max. size: |
10 cm SL (male/unsexed) |
| Environment: |
benthopelagic; freshwater; brackish; marine |
| Distribution: |
Indo-West Pacific: Bay of Bengal to Borneo and Java, and north to Viet Nam. |
| Diagnosis: |
Dorsal spines (total): 10-12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 28-31; Anal spines: 2-2; Anal soft rays: 6-8. Eye large, about 30 % of head length; mental pores in 3 pairs, the first open at front of chin, separated by symphysis; teeth well differentiated into large and small in both jaws. Gill rakers slender, equal to or slightly shorter than gill filaments at angle of arch, 14 to 17 on lower limb. Second anal spine long , stiff, 40 to 50 % of head length. Swim bladder hammer-shaped, with about 13 pairs of arborescent appendages along its sides, the first entering head beyond transverse septum and sending a palmate branch to the front of pectoral arch. Sagitta (large earstone) with a tadpole-shaped impression, the head of which has its long axis lying obliquely to that of sagitta and the tail expanded and deepened as a hallow cone connected with the head by a narrow groove. |
| Biology: |
Inhabits shallow coastal waters, estuaries and rivers (Ref. 9772). |
| IUCN Red List Status: |
Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 30 June 2016 Ref. (130435)
|
| Threat to humans: |
harmless |
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