Eusurculus pristinus Schwarzhans & Møller, 2007
Pristine viviparous brotula
Eusurculus pristinus
photo by W. Schwarzhans & P. R. Møller

Family:  Dinematichthyidae (Viviparous brotula)
Max. size:  4.5 cm SL (male/unsexed); 4.6 cm SL (female)
Environment:  demersal; marine
Distribution:  Western Pacific, Bismarck Sea to the Solomons and Vanuatu.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal soft rays (total): 74-86; Anal soft rays: 58-70; Vertebrae: 41-44. This species is distinguished by the following characters: D 74-86, A 58-70, D/A 18-27, V in D 2.0-2.3; vertebrae 11-12+30-33=41-44, anterior nostril located 1/4 to 1/5 distance from upper lip to aggregate distance to anterior margin of eye; free pseudoclaspers 2 pairs, outer pseudoclasper wing-shaped with moderately broad base and distally widened supporter with strong anterior hook (covered by ligament), the inner one is stalked, with slightly widened base and miniature sucker-disk with two small hooks; 5-8 scale rows on upper part, 3-4 rows on lower part of the cheek; otoliths with distinct ostium and cauda, partly fused colliculi, otolith length to height 2.0-2.1, ostial colliculum length to caudal colliculum length 3.5-5 (Ref. 76869). Description: Characterized by depth of body at anal fin origin 12.3-17.2 (mean= 15.0) % SL; caudal rays 14-15; upper preopercular pore present; posterior cheek with vertically elongate scale patch; no opercular scales (Ref. 90102).
Biology: 
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 16 August 2019 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans: 


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