Main Ref. | Gibson, R.N. and I.A. Ezzi, 1987 |
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Remarks | Inhabits sandy and muddly areas in the deep. Found in areas close to the sea bed (Ref. 6390). Generally solitary. Feeds mainly on schooling bony fishes, occasionally on cephalopods and crustaceans (Ref. 27121). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Gibson, R.N. and I.A. Ezzi, 1987 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Paul, L.J., 1986 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.50 | 0.80 | 4.41 | 0.75 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 4.24 | 0.97 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Russell, B.C., 1983 |