Ecology Summary - Xiphister mucosus

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Main Ref.	Hart, J.L., 1973
Remarks	Found in rocky areas, from intertidal to 18 m depth, mostly on exposed coast (Ref. 2850). May remain out of water under rocks or seaweed (Ref. 31184). Feeds mainly on algae (Ref. 6885). Juveniles were zooplanktivores and adults are primarily herbivorous (Ref. 41810). Predation by early juvenile fishes on water-column planktors was greatest following initial intertidal settlement and habitat establishment (Ref. 41810). Greater dependence on substrate-oriented and/or benthic prey was exhibited as the fish grew in size (Ref. 41810). Breathes air (Ref. 31184) and can stay out of water for 17-23 hours if kept moist (Ref. 51276).

Main Ref.

Hart, J.L., 1973

Remarks

Found in rocky areas, from intertidal to 18 m depth, mostly on exposed coast (Ref. 2850). May remain out of water under rocks or seaweed (Ref. 31184). Feeds mainly on algae (Ref. 6885). Juveniles were zooplanktivores and adults are primarily herbivorous (Ref. 41810). Predation by early juvenile fishes on water-column planktors was greatest following initial intertidal settlement and habitat establishment (Ref. 41810). Greater dependence on substrate-oriented and/or benthic prey was exhibited as the fish grew in size (Ref. 41810). Breathes air (Ref. 31184) and can stay out of water for 17-23 hours if kept moist (Ref. 51276).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Xiphister mucosus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	: rocky;
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats	Beds: rock;
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type	mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19)
Feeding type Ref.	Hart, J.L., 1973
Feeding habit	grazing on aquatic plants
Feeding habit Ref.	Boyle, K.S. and M.H. Horn, 2006

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	Original sample		Unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition	2.18	0.14			Troph of juv./adults from 1 study.
From individual food items	3.07	0.36			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.	Boyle, K.S. and M.H. Horn, 2006

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