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Ecology of Urobatis maculatus
 
Main Ref. Michael, S.W., 1993
Remarks Found on shallow sand and mud bottoms, in sea grass beds, near rocky reefs, and in bays. Feeds on worms and amphipods during the day.

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Urobatis maculatus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate Hard Bottom;
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats Beds: sea grass;
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Michael, S.W., 1993
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref. Michael, S.W., 1993
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method Original sample Unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition
From individual food items 3.18 0.42 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. oophagy)
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