| 主要參考文獻。 | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
|---|---|
| 附註 | Dwells in sandy substrates close to coral reefs. Solitary but sometimes forms small shoals. Feeds on small crustaceans and benthic invertebrates (Ref. 9773). Known to enter lower reaches of rivers. Forms small to moderately large aggregations at all sizes (Ref. 48636). Present in seagrass beds at juvenile stage. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| 基板 | Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
|---|---|
| 基板參考值 | Broad, G., 2003 |
| 特殊棲息地 | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
| 特殊棲息地 Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
| 參考文獻 | Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995 |
|---|---|
| 協會 | solitary; shoaling; |
| 相關聯 | |
| 協會備註 | |
| 寄生 |
| 攝取食物的類型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| 供料類型 Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
| 攝取食物的習慣 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| 餵飼習慣 Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
| Estimation method | 最初的樣本 | 不捕獲族群 | 附註 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| 從食物內容 | 3.59 | 3.47 | 0.48 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
| 從個別的食物項目 | 4.22 | 0.28 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| 參考文獻 | Kulbicki, M., Y.-M. Bozec, P. Labrosse, Y. Letourneur, G. Mou-Tham and L. Wantiez, 2005 | ||||