| Ref. principal | Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Coastal species (Ref. 27000). Inhabits rocky and sandy bottoms (Ref. 2683). Juveniles may occur in littoral areas (Ref. 3593). Occasional in estuaries (Ref. 122509). Associated with Cymodocea nodosa seagrass meadows (Ref. 122894). Feeds on shrimps, worms and other bottom-dwelling invertebrates (Ref. 3593). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | Schneider, W., 1990 |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Habitats especiais Ref. | Almada, V.C., M. Henriques and E.J. Gonçalves, 1999 |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Chao, L.N., 1986 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Chao, L.N., 1986 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | |||||
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.38 | 0.42 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||