| Ref. principal | Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Inhabits the surf zone along sandy beaches, but in clear water. Also occurs over muddy bottoms in estuaries and sometimes near coral reef areas. Foraged over the bottom by swimming at about 1-2 cm above the bottom and stopped at selected site. With its body slightly prone, about 15° or 20°, it buried its mouth into the sand and ejected sediment through itas mouth and gill openings, producing a dense sandy cloud (Ref. 40104). Feeds on small crustaceans washed out of sand by the surf (Ref. 5521) |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | Soft Bottom |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Habitats especiais Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Druzhinin, A.D., 1974 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 3.10 | 0.17 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.28 | 0.46 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004 | ||||