Main Ref. | Matsuura, K., 2001 |
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Remarks | Usually occurs in seagrass beds and sandy bottoms in coastal waters. Feeds on small benthic invertebrates (Also Ref. 127989). Coastal. Inhabits shallow waters, sheltered bays and inner reefs around coral and rocky substrates. Intolerant of fluctuating salinities. Feeds on floating matter, small crustaceans and epiphytic organisms (Ref. 9773). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Golani, D., E. Azurro, J. Dulčić, E. Massutí and L. Orsi-Relini, 2021 |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Golani, D., E. Azurro, J. Dulčić, E. Massutí and L. Orsi-Relini, 2021 |
Fonte Biblio. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Matsuura, K., 2001 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Matsuura, K., 2001 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Commento | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.08 | 0.23 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Fonte Biblio. |