Main Ref. | Conkel, D., 1993 |
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Remarks | Occurs in swampy areas with warm, murky water. Found in weedy, mud- and sand-bottomed canals and drainage ditches (Ref. 5723). Prefers coastal plains and slow moving waters of the lower river valleys. Feeds on worms, crustaceans, insects and fish. Lethal lower temperature is 8 deg Celsius (Ref. 40602). Ominovore (Ref. 78170). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Mills, D. and G. Vevers, 1989 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Valtierra-Vega, M.T. and J.J. Schmitter-Soto, 2000 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.53 | 0.51 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |