| Ref. principal | Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Juveniles feed on phytoplankton (e.g., diatoms) and small zooplankton such as cladoceran, ostracods, larval polychaetes, etc. With growth, they gradually change their dietary habits, a process that is reflected in the relative shortening of the intestine (Ref. 30531). Pelagic migratory fish. Prefers open but protected coastal waters. Shoaling species. Juveniles feed on diatoms, Diplostraca, and Ostracoda, while adults feed on macroplankton, larval shrimp and fish (Ref. 9773). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrato | Pelagic; |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995 |
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
| Habitats especiais Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | shoaling; |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., D.A. Milton, N.J.F. Rawlinson, G. Tiroba and P.V. Nichols, 1990 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | |||||
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.29 | 0.38 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||