| Ref. principal | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Inhabits lagoon and seaward reefs from turbid inshore areas to depths of 50 m. Hides in unexposed places at daytime often with head down and practically immobile. Pelagic juveniles expatriate over great distances and the reason for their broad geographical range (Ref. 48635). Hunts small fishes, shrimps, and crabs at night, using its widespread pectorals trapping prey into a corner, stunning it and then swallowing it in one sweep. Daylight hours are spent resting under ledges, in caves or among wreckage, either singly or in aggregations (Ref. 54301). Dorsal spines are venomous; the sting can be treated by heating the afflicted part and application of corticoids (Ref. 5503). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | Benthic; : sand; Hard Bottom; |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | Côté, I.M. and N.S. Smith, 2018 |
| Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; sea grass; Coral Reefs: lagoons; |
| Habitats especiais Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 4.35 | 0.36 | 4.45 | 0.79 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.44 | 0.51 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 | ||||