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Ecology of Pterogymnus laniarius
 
Main Ref. van der Elst, R.P. and F. Adkin (eds.), 1991
Remarks

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Pterogymnus laniarius may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Acuan
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. van der Elst, R.P. and F. Adkin (eds.), 1991
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method Original sample Unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition 3.54 0.44
From individual food items 3.59 0.46 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Acuan Booth, A.J. and C.D. Buxton, 1997
(contoh 346)
(contoh oophagy)
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