| Main Ref. | Allen, G.R., 1989 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Found in streams and estuaries. Inhabits slow-flowing water around log snags, under over-hanging banks or among leaf litter. Feeds on insects, crustaceans, molluscs, worms and fishes. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Allen, G.R., 1989 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Allen, G.R., 1989 |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | 3.39 | 0.22 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
| From individual food items | 3.64 | 0.54 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Hortle, M.E. and R.W.G. White, 1980 | ||||