Ecology Summary - Prototroctes maraena

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Main Ref.	Allen, G.R., 1989
Remarks	Inhabits creeks and rivers, usually in cool, clear waters over gravel bottoms in sections alternating between pools and rapids. Often form large schools especially prior to spawning. Feeds on small crustaceans, insects and their larvae and algae. Spawn: Feb.-May; 25,000-68,000 eggs which sink to bottom downstream of spawning site. Hatching: 10-20 days; larvae, 6-7 mm TL, swept downstream to estuaries/sea, return to freshwater after 6 mos.

Main Ref.

Allen, G.R., 1989

Remarks

Inhabits creeks and rivers, usually in cool, clear waters over gravel bottoms in sections alternating between pools and rapids. Often form large schools especially prior to spawning. Feeds on small crustaceans, insects and their larvae and algae. Spawn: Feb.-May; 25,000-68,000 eggs which sink to bottom downstream of spawning site. Hatching: 10-20 days; larvae, 6-7 mm TL, swept downstream to estuaries/sea, return to freshwater after 6 mos.

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Prototroctes maraena may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

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Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type	plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79)
Feeding type Ref.	Allen, G.R., 1989
Feeding habit	variable
Feeding habit Ref.	Allen, G.R., 1989

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	Original sample		Unfished population		Замечание
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Замечание
From diet composition
From individual food items	2.75	0.34			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
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