Main Ref. | Allen, G.R., 1991 |
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Remarks | Inhabit lagoon and seaward reefs, close to the bottom among rubble beds. The favoured habitat consists of outer reefs in clear water, frequently among coral rubble in areas exposed to slight wave action or strong currents (Ref. 54301). Adults in small groups or congregate in large numbers over favorable sections of reef (Ref. 48636). Feed on zooplankton and plants (Ref. 26990). Diurnal species (Ref. 113699). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Shao, K.-T. and L.-S. Chen, 1992 |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Hobson, E.S. and J.R. Chess, 1978 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.18 | 0.28 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |