Main Ref. | Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1995 |
---|---|
Remarks | A pelagic and demersal species found in shallow coastal waters. Forms small schools, generally near the bottom. Feeds on squid, small crabs, small fishes and polychaetes . |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
---|---|
Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1995 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1995 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.34 | 0.89 | 3.23 | 0.39 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 3.48 | 0.48 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | López-Peralta, R.H. and C.A.T. Arcila, 2002 |