Main Ref. | Zander, C.D., 1986 |
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Remarks | Occurs over sandy bottoms with boulders and light vegetation. Hides in crevices (Ref. 5981). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Bell, J.D. and M.L. Harmelin-Vivien, 1983 |
Feeding habit | browsing on substrate |
Feeding habit Ref. | Bell, J.D. and M.L. Harmelin-Vivien, 1983 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.31 | 0.27 | Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies. | ||
From individual food items | 3.18 | 0.30 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Bell, J.D. and M.L. Harmelin-Vivien, 1983 |