Main Ref. | Zander, C.D., 1986 |
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Remarks | Occurs in the shallow littoral zone to the zone beyond the influence of water movements, over light rocks or pebbles without algal cover and on secondary hard bottoms of coralligenous origin. Feeds on periphyton, harpacticoids and algae. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Zander, C.D., 1986 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Zander, C.D., 1986 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 2.98 | 2.78 | 0.12 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
From individual food items | 2.77 | 0.20 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Goldschmid, A., K. Kotrschal and P. Wirtz, 1984 |