Main Ref. | Svetovidov, A.N., 1986 |
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Remarks | Immature live in shallow waters, occasionally inshore (Ref. 30424). Mesopelagic (Ref. 5951). Adults prey on fish (Ref. 30424), juveniles feed on small crustaceans, euphausiids, amphipods, rarely on fishes (Ref. 3663). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Olaso, I. and E. Rodriguez-Marin, 1995 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.13 | 0.30 | 3.93 | 0.63 | Troph of adults from 3 studies. |
From individual food items | 3.93 | 0.82 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Olaso, I. and E. Rodriguez-Marin, 1995 |